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第一段
1 .I've been looking at ocean biodiversity, that's the diversity of species that live in the world's oceans.
我一直在研究海洋生物多样性，这就是生活在世界海洋中的物种的多样性．
2 .About 20 years ago biologists developed the idea of what they called 'biodiversity hotspots'.
大约20年前，生物学家们发展了他们所谓的“生物多样性热区”的概念．
3 .These are the areas which have the greatest mixture of species, so one example is Madagascar.
那些是物种最多的地区，所以一个例子就是马达加斯加．
4 .These hotspots are significant because they allow us to locate key areas for focusing efforts at conservation.
这些热区是重要的，因为它们让我们找到重点保护工作的重点领域．
5 .Biologists can identify hotspots on land, fairly easily, but until recently, very little was known about species distribution and diversity in the oceans, and no one even knew if hotspots existed there.
生物学家可以很容易地确定土地上的热区，但直到最近，关于物种在海洋中的分布和多样性知道的非常少，甚至没有人知道是否存在热点地区
第二段
1 .Then a Canadian biologist called Boris Worm did some research in 2005 on data on ocean species that he got from the fishing industry.
然后，在2005年，一位名叫鲍里斯的加拿大生物学家在海洋物种上做了一些研究，他从捕鱼业获得数据．
2 .Worm located five hotspots for large ocean predators like sharks, and looked at what they had in common.
沃尔姆大型海洋食肉动物(如鲨鱼)中定位了5个热点，并观察他们相似的地方．
3 .The main thing he'd expected to find was that they had very high concentrations of food, but to his surprise that was only true for four of the hotspots - the remaining hotspot was quite badly off in that regard.
他期望发现的是，他们有非常高浓度的食物，但令他惊讶的是，只有四个热点是这样的--剩下的那个热点在那方面情况非常不佳．
4 .But what he did find was that in all cases, the water at the surface of the ocean had relatively high temperatures, even when it was cool at greater depths, so this seemed to be a factor in supporting a diverse range of these large predators.
但他发现的是，在所有的情况下，海洋表面的水有相对较高的温度，即使是在较深的地方是微凉的，所以这似乎是支持大型食肉动物多样性的一个因素．
5 .However, this wasn't enough on its own, because he also found that the water needed to have enough oxygen in it - so these two factors seemed necessary to support the high metabolic rate of these large fish.
然而，这本身是不够的，因为他还发现，水需要有足够的氧气--所以这2个因素似乎是必要的，以支持这些大型鱼类的高代谢率．
第三段
1 .A couple of years later, in 2007, a researcher called Lisa Balance, who was working in California, also started looking for ocean hotspots, but not for fish - what she was interested in was marine mammals, things like seals.
几年后，在2007，一个在加利福尼亚工作的叫丽莎的研究者，也开始寻找海洋热点，但不是研究鱼--她所感兴趣的是海洋哺乳动物，比如海豹．
2 .And she found three places in the oceans which were hotspots, and what these had in common was that these hotspots were all located at boundaries between ocean currents, and this seems to be the sort of place that has lots of the plankton that some of these species feed on.
她发现海洋中的三个热点，这些热点的共同点是，都位于大洋环流之间的边界，而这似乎是有很多浮游生物的地方．
第四段
1 .So now people who want to protect the species that are endangered need to get as much information as possible.
所以现在想要保护濒危物种的人们需要尽可能获得更多的信息．
2 .For example, there's an international project called the Census of Marine Life.
例如，有一个国际项目叫做海洋生物普查．
3 .They've been surveying oceans all over the world, including the Arctic.
他们在全世界测量海洋，包括北极地区的海洋．
4 .One thing they found there which stunned other researchers was that there were large numbers of species which live below the ice - sometimes under a layer up to 20 metres thick.
他们发现有一件震惊了其他研究人员的事情：在冰下面生存着大量的物种，有时在厚达20米的冰层下(生活)。
5 .Some of these species had never been seen before.
有些物种以前从未见过．
6 .They've even found species of octopus living in these conditions.
他们甚至在这些条件下发现了章鱼的种类．
7 .And other scientists working on the same project, but researching very different habitats on the ocean floor, have found large numbers of species congregating around volcanoes, attracted to them by the warmth and nutrients there.
并且，从事同一项研究的其他科学家，但是研究海底不同的栖息地，发现了大量的物种聚集在火山周围，被那里的温暖和营养吸引．
第一段
1 .However biologists still don't know how serious the threat to their survival is for each individual species.
然而，生物学家仍然不知道对每个个体的物种，生存的威胁有多严重．
2 .So a body called the Global Marine Species Assessment is now creating a list of endangered species on land, so they consider things like the size of the population - how many members of one species there are in a particular place - and then they look at their distribution in geographical terms, although this is quite difficult when you're looking at fish, because they're so mobile, and then thirdly they calculate the rate at which the decline of the species is happening.
因此，一个叫做全球海洋物种评估的机构正在创建一个濒危物种名单，所以他们考虑的因素类似于种群的大小--在特定的地方一个物种有多少数量--然后他们看他们的地理分布，虽然这是相当困难的，因为他们是移动性的，然后第三，他们计算物种正在下降的速率．
第二段
1 .So far only 1,500 species have been assessed, but they want to increase this figure to 20,000.
到目前为止，只有1500个物种被评估，但他们想增加这个数字到20000．
2 .For each one they assess, they use the data they collect on that species to produce a map showing its distribution.
对于每一个他们评估的物种，他们使用从这个物种获得的数据来绘制地其分布图．
3 .Ultimately they will be able to use these to figure out not only where most species are located but also where they are most threatened.
最终，他们将不仅能够使用这些来判断大多数物种的位置，也能判断他们是最受威胁的地方．
第三段
1 .So finally, what can be done to retain the diversity of species in the world's oceans?
那么最后，怎么做才可以维持世界海洋中的物种的多样性呢?
2 .Firstly we need to set up more reserves in our oceans, places where marine species are protected.
我们需要在我们的海洋中设置更多的自然保护区，海洋物种受到保护的地方．
3 .We have some, but not enough.
我们有一些，但不够．
4 .In addition, to preserve species such as leatherback turtles, which live out in the high seas but have their nesting sites on the American coast, we need to create corridors for migration, so they can get from one area to another safely.
此外，为了保护如棱皮龟这样的物种，它们在外海生活，但在美国海岸有筑巢地点，我们需要建立一个用来迁徙的通道，所以他们可以那全地从一个地区到另一个地区．
5 .As well as this, action needs to be taken to lower the levels of fishing quotas to prevent overfishing of endangered species.
同时，需要采取行动来降低捕鱼配额，以防止过度捕捞濒危物种的水平．
6 .And finally, there's the problem of ¡®by-catch'. This refers to the catching of unwanted fish by fishing boats - they're returned to the sea, but they're often dead or dying.
最后，有副渔获的问题．这指的是捕鱼船捕捞到不需要的品种--他们是回到海上，但他们往往是死亡或濒临死亡．
7 .If these commercial fishing boats used equipment which was more selective, so that only the fish wanted for consumption were caught, this problem could be overcome.
如果这些商业渔船使用的设备更具选择性，那么只有需要消费的鱼的被抓住，这个问题就可以克服．
第四段
1 .OK. So does anyone have any...
好的，有没有人(有问题)…